MicroVMs vs Containers for AI Agents: ECB Cybersecurity Guide

AI agents have turned sandboxing from an engineering detail into a leadership decision. A capable agent can install tools, read source code, build experiments, retry failed approaches, and search for a path out of its environment for hours. The old question, “Do we have a sandbox?”, is no longer enough. Trail of Bits showed why in its VM escape experiment with a cyber-capable AI agent. The agent repeatedly escaped a QEMU/KVM environment by combining known but unpatched host weaknesses, fixes not yet included in the distribution, and eventually new vulnerabilities. The lesson is not that virtual machines are useless. It is that no technical boundary provides complete containment on its own. ...

September 21, 2026 · 9 min · 1728 words · Matteo Bisi

Who Owns NIS2 and DORA in a Platform Team

I keep seeing the same meeting. Someone from legal or risk drops a NIS2 control, a DORA article, or a “can we evidence this” request into the room. The Kubernetes platform team looks at security. Security looks at the platform team. A ticket lands on the security board, because that feels like the responsible place. Three sprints later the cluster has not changed, the evidence still does not exist, and everyone is slightly angry at the security lead. ...

September 10, 2026 · 11 min · 2151 words · Matteo Bisi