Shadow AI in CI/CD: Threat-Modelling Laptop to Kubernetes
Artificial intelligence is becoming part of daily software delivery, often before it becomes part of the organisation’s security architecture. This creates Shadow AI: AI tools, models, agents, extensions, or integrations used without formal approval, ownership, risk assessment, or monitoring. For executives, Shadow AI is not primarily a “developers using ChatGPT” issue. It is an enterprise-risk issue: ungoverned AI can gain access to source code, intellectual property, credentials, customer data, cloud environments, and deployment workflows. When AI systems are allowed to call tools or take actions, they must be treated as new non-human identities with access rights, not simply as productivity software. ...